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The
Pandyan kingdom (
Tamil: பாண்டியர்) was an ancient
Tamil state in
South India of unknown antiquity. Pandyas were one of the three ancient Tamil kingdoms (
Chola and
Chera being the other two) who ruled the Tamil country from 100 B.C.E. until end of the 15th century. They ruled initially from
Korkai, a sea port on the southern most tip of the Indian peninsula, and in later times moved to
Madurai.
and then Pallava Dynasty
The
Pallava kingdom (
Telugu: పల్లవ;
Tamil: பல்லவர்) was an ancient
South Indian kingdom. The Pallavas, feudatories of
Andhra Satavahanas became independent after their decline at
Amaravati. They gradually moved southwards and established their capital at
Kanchipuram in the
4th century CE. They grew wealthy and strong during the reign of
Mahendravarman I (
571 –
630 CE) and
Narasimhavarman I (630 –
668 CE). They dominated the
Telugu and northern parts of
Tamil region till the end of the 9th century, for about six hundred years.
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An obscure dynasty, the
Kalabhras, invaded the Tamil country, displaced the existing kingdoms and ruled for around three centuries.
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They were displaced by the Pallavas and the Pandyas in the
6th century. Little is known of the fate of the Cholas during the succeeding three centuries until the accession of Vijayalaya in the second quarter of the ninth century.
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The
Sunga Empire (or
Shunga Empire) is a
Magadha dynasty that controlled North-central and Eastern India from around
185 to
73 BCE. It was established after the fall of the Indian
Mauryan empire. The capital of the Sungas was
Pataliputra.
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The
Sātavāhanas (
Marathi:सातवाहन
Telugu:శాతవాహనులు), also known as the
Andhras, were a
dynasty which ruled from
Junnar,
Pune over Southern and Central
India starting from around
230 BCE. Although there is some controversy about when the dynasty came to an end, the most liberal estimates suggest that it lasted about 450 years, until around
220 CE.
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The
Chalukya dynasty (
Kannada: ಚಾಲುಕ್ಯರು
IPA:
[ʧaːɭukjə]) was an
Indian royal dynasty that ruled large parts of
southern and
central India between the
6th and the
12th centuries. During this period, they ruled as three closely related, but individual dynasties.
Chalukyas of Badami
Chalukyas of Kalyani
Eastern Chalukyas
The
Gupta Empire was one of the largest political and military
empires in
ancient India. It was ruled by members of the Gupta dynasty from around
320 to
600 CE and covered most of
Northern India, the region presently in the nation of
Pakistan and what is now western
India and
Bangladesh.
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The time of the Gupta Empire is referred to as
Golden Age of India in
science,
mathematics,
astronomy,
religion and
Indian philosophy. The peace and prosperity created under leadership of Guptas enabled the pursuit of scientific and artistic endeavors. The decimal numeral system, including the concept of
zero, was invented in India during the reign of the Guptas. The Chandragupta II is none other but the vikramaditya with the 9 sala-bhanjikas on his throne.
The Rashtrakuta Dynasty (
Sanskrit: राष्ट्रकूट
rāṣṭrakūṭa,
Kannada: ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರಕೂಟ) was a royal Indian dynasty ruling large parts of southern, central and northern India between the sixth and the thirteenth centuries. During this period they ruled as several closely related, but individual clans. The earliest known Rashtrakuta
inscription is a seventh century
copper plate grant that mentions their rule from Manpur in the
Malwa region of modern
Madhya Pradesh.
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The
Pratiharas (
Hindi प्रतिहार pratihāra, also known as
Parihars) ruled a large kingdom in northern India from the
6th to the
11th centuries. They are called
Gurjara-Pratiharas in one late inscription that indicates their origin from western Rajasthan, which in those days was known as Gurjara.
Shyam,
ReplyDeleteనీ అభిరుచులు,నా అభిరుచులు చాలా దగ్గర.చాలా బాగుంది.Good Job!
nice !
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